SYLLABI FOR OPTIONAL PAPERS OF MAIN EXAMINATION
Bengali/Hindi/Sanskrit/English/Pali/Arabic/Persian/French/Urdu/Comparative Literature (candidates will have the option to choose if they so intend, only one of those subjects as an optional paper).
BENGALI :
Paper – I : Section-A
1) Topics from the History of Bangla Language.
a) The chronological track from Proto Indo-European to Bangla (Family tree with branches and approximate dates).
b) Historical stages of Bangla (Old, Middle, New) and their linguistic features.
c) Dialects of Bangla and their distinguishing characteristics.
d) Elements of Bangla Vocabulary.
e) Forms of Bangla Literary Prose-Sadhu and Chalit.
2) Process of Phonetic Changes in Bangla Language.
Apinihiti (Anaptyxis), Abhishruti (Umlaut), Samibhavan (Assimilation), Svarabhakti /
Viprakarsha, Svarasangati (Vowel harmony).
3) Problems of standardization and reform of alphabet and spelling and those of transliteration and Romanization.
Section-B
4) History of Bangla Literature.
a) Periodization of Bangla Literature: Old Bangla and Middle Bangla.
b) Roots and reasons behind the emergence of modernity in Bangla Literature.
c) Evolution of various Middle Bangla forms: Mangal kavyas, Vaishnava lyrics, Adapted narratives (Ramayana, Mahabharata, Bhagavata) and religious biographies.
d) Narrative and lyric trends in the nineteenth century Bangla poetry.
e) Development of prose.
f) Bangla dramatic literature (nineteenth century, Tagore, Post-1944 Bangla drama).
5) Tagore and Post Tagoreans (upto the decade of fifties).
6) Fiction, major authors: Bankimchandra, Tagore, Saratchandra, Bibhutibhusan, Tarasankar, Manik.
7) Women and Bangla Literature.
a) Swarna Kumari Devi, b) Ashapurna Devi, c) Mahasweta Devi, d) Rajlakshmi Devi, e) Kabita Singha,
f) Nabanita Deb Sen
Paper – II : Section – A
1) Vaishnava Padavali (Calcutta University Publication).
Phases (Parjayas): Gourchandrika, Purvaraga, Abhisar, Mathur, Prarthona.
2) Chandimangal: Kalketu episode by Mukunda (Sahitya Akademi).
3) Meghnadbadh Kavya by Michael Madhusudan Dutta – 1st, 2nd and 3rd cantos.
4) Rajani by Bankimchandra Chattopadhyay.
5) Kapalkundala by Bankimchandra Chattopadhyay.
6) Samya and Bangadesher Krishak by Bankimchandra Chattopadhyay.
7) Punascha by Rabindranath Tagore.
Bichitra Prabandha by Rabindranath Tagore.
9) Chacha Kahini by Sayed Muztaba Ali.
Section-B
10) Chandragupta by Dwijendralal Roy.
11) Grihadaha by Saratchandra Chattopadhyay.
12) Adhunik Bangla Kabita
Selected Poems:
i) Saswati by Sudhindranath Dutta
ii) Rabindranath by Achintya Kumar Sengupta
iii) Aami Kabi Jata Kamarer by Premendra Mitra
iv) Bandir Bandana by Buddhadeb Basu
v) Amar Koifiat by Kazi Nazrul Islam
13) Prabandha Samgraha by Pramatha Choudhuri: Selected Essays: Bharatchandra, Birbal, Boipara
14) Pather Panchali by Bibhutibhusan Bandyopadhyay
15) a) Ekaler Galpo Sanchayan – Vol.- 1 & 2 (Calcutta University Publication).
b) Selected Stories:
i) Payomukham by Jagadish Gupta
ii) Haraner Natjamai by Manik Bandyopadhyay
iii) Fossil by Subodh Ghosh
iv) Tope by Narayan Gangyopadhyay
v) Adab by Samaresh Bose
vi) Aswamedher Ghora by Dipendranath Bandyopadhyay
16) Shrestha Kavita by Jibanananda Das.
17) Jagori by Satinath Bhaduri.
18) Ebam Indrajit by Badal Sircar.
HINDI :
Paper – I : SECTION-A
1. Hindi Linguistic and Grammatical References
i. Definition of Language
ii. Difference between learning and parole
iii. Elements of Communication of Language
iv. Different aspects of Language
v. Units of language – Phonemes, Morphemes, Syntax, Discourse, Sementics.
2. History of Hindi language and Nagari Lipi
i. History of Development of Hindi language (Short study)
ii. Development of Khari Boli Hindi as literary language and Lingua Franka
(Special context to Indian Freedom struggle and post Independent India)
iii. Area of Hindi Language
iv. Prominent Hindi dialects and inter relationship between the dialects
v. Grammatical structure of standard Hindi
vi. Scientific features of Nagari lipi
vii. Development of Hindi as a global language in the modern context
SECTION-B
History of Hindi Literature:
1. Tradition of writing History of Hindi Literature
2. Literary trends of following four periods of Hindi Literature:
a) Adikala
b) Madhya Kala :
i) Purva Madhyakala (Bhakti kala) (ii) Uttar Madhyakala (Riti Kala)
c) Adhunika Kala
A. ADIKALA- Prominent Poets and their works:
i) Sarhapa and Goraknath
ii) Chand Vardai and Narapati Nalha
iii) Svambhu
iv) Abdur Rahman and Amir Khusro
B. PURVA MADHYAKALA (Bhakti kala) – Prominent Poets and their works:
i. Sant Kavyadhara – Kabir and Sahjo Bai
ii. Sufi Kavyadhara – Jayasi
iii. Krish Kavyadhara – Surdas and Meerabai
iv. Ram Kavyadhara -. Tulsidas
C. UTTARMADHYAKALA (Ritikala) – Prominent Poets and their works :
i. Ritibadh – Keshavdas
ii. Ritisiddha – Bihari
iii. Ritimukta -Ghananda
D. ADHUNIK KALA
1. Trends of Navajagran (Renaissance)
2. Development of Hindi Prose and contribution of Bhartendu Mondal
3. Contribution of Mahavir Prasad Divedi towards the development of Hindi Prose
4. Prominent trend of Modern Hindi Poetry-
Chahayavad, Pragtivad, Prayogvad, Nai Kavita, Samakalin Kavita and Ghazal, Sanavadi Kavita
5. Prominent Poets – Maithili Sharan Gupta, Prasad, Nirala, Mahadevi, Dinkar,
Agyeya, Muktibodh, Nagarjun, Dushyant Kumar.
KATH SAHITYA
i) Development of Hindi Novels and short stories
ii) Prominent writers-Premchand, Jainendra, Prasad, Renu, Bhishma Sahani,
Yaspal, Chitra Mudgal, Mohan Rakesh and Krishna Sobti
DRAMA AND THEATRE
1. Development of Hindi Drama and Stage
2. Promment Dramatists-Bhartendu, Prasad, Mohan Rakesh, Lakshmi Narayan Lal
3. The development of Hindi Theatre
CRITICISM
1. Development of Hindi Criticism
2. Prominent Critics -Ramchandra Shukla, Hazari Prasad Divedi, Ram Vilas Sharma
Paper – II : (Textual studies of the prescribed text. This paper will test the critical and analytical aptitude of the
candidates)
SECTION-A
1. Kabir – Kabir Vani, ed. by Parasnath Tiwari, first 25 padas
2. Surdas – Bhramar Gitsar, ed. Ramchandra Sukla, first 25 padas
3. Tulsidas-Vinay Patrika-Geeta Press, first 15 padas
4. Bihari -Ritikavya Sanghra ed. Jagadish Gupta, first 25 dohas
5. Prasad -Kamayani (Shraddha and Ira Sarga)
6. Nirala -Saroj Smriti, Jago Phir Ek Bar
7. Mahadevi Varma – Mai Neer Bhari Dukh ki Badli, Ravindra ke Mahaprasthan Par
8. Agyeya-Asadhya Vina, Hamne Poudhey se kaha
9. Nagarjun-Bahut Dino Ke Bad and Pret ka Byan.
10. Dhumil-Mochiram, Roti Aur Sansad
11. Sarveshvar Dayal Saxsena -Tumhare Sath Rah Kar, Soundryabodh
12. Muktibodh – Mai Dur Hun, Bhool Galati
SECTION-B
1. Bharatendu – Andher Nagri
2. Mohan Rakesh – Ashad Ka Ek Din
3. Ramchandra Shukla-Shraddha Aur Bhakti, Krodha
4. Premchand-Godan (Novel), Paush ki Raat, Badey Ghar ki Beti, Ahuti, Mukti Marg, Idgah (Stories)
5. Prasad – Dhruswamini
6. Phanishwar Nath Renu – Tisari Kasam, Panchlight, Rasapriya(Stories)
7. Manu Bhandari – Mahabhoj
8. Bhairv Prasad Gupta-Ganga Maiyya
9. Harishankar Parasai – Matadin Chand Par, Viklanga Shraddha ka Dor
10. Hazari Prasad Divedi-Vasant A Gaya, Devdar
SANSKRIT :
Paper – I : (a) Sanskrit linguistics; (b) Sanskrit grammar; (c) Translation from Vedic Texts into English; translation
from Classical Sanskrit into English; translation from English into Sanskrit.
Paper – II : (a) History of Vedic and Classical Sanskrit Literature; (b) Texts (meant for general acquaintance and not for minute study) : (1) Kalidas’s Abhignanasakuntalam and Kumarsambhavam (Cantor I – VII); (2) Bhavabhuti’s Uttararamcharitam and Malatimadhavam; (3) Bharavi’s Kiratarjuniyam; (4) Banabhatta’s Kadambari (Purvardha).
ENGLISH :
Paper – I : In Section A, candidates will have to write an essay. Texts for detailed study in Sections B and C are
given below.
SECTION-A :
An essay on a literary topic
SECTION-B
1. William Shakespeare- -Macbeth -As You Like It
2. Christopher Marlowe – Edward II
3. John Donne- – ‘Canonization’; -’ Death be not proud’; -’The Good Morrow’
4. Andrew Marvell-’To His Coy Mistress’; -’The Garden’
5. John Milton-’Lycidas’; -Paradise Lost, Book I
6. Alexander Pope – The Rape of the Lock
7. William Wordsworth- -’Ode on Intimations of Immortality’; -’Tintern Abbey’
8. Samuel Taylor Coleridge -’Kubla Khan’; -’Dejection: an Ode’
9. Percy Bysshe Shelley- – ‘Ode to the Westwind’ ; -’ Ozymandias’
10. John Keats- -’Ode to a Nightingale’ -’Ode on a Grecian Urn’
11. Alfred Tennyson-’Ulysses’; -’The Lotus Eaters’; -’Tithonus’
12. Robert Browning-’The Last Ride Together’
13. Elizabeth Barrett Browning-’ How do I love thee!’
SECTION-C
1. Jane Austen- Pride and Prejudice
2. Charles Dickens-Great Expectations
3. Thomas Hardy-The Mayor of Caster bridge
4. Mark Twain-The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
5. Emily Bronte-Wuthering Heights
6. Mary Shelley-Frankenstein
Paper – II : In Section A, candidates will have to respond critically to an Unseen Passage. Texts for detailed study in Sections B and C are given below.
SECTION-A
Critical analysis/response to an unseen passage in prose/verse
SECTION-B
1. W. B. Yeats-’Easter 1916′;
-’Sailing to Byzantium’;
-’Leda and the Swan’
2. T. S. Eliot-
-’The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock’;
-’The Journey of the Magi’;
-’Burnt Norton’
3. W.H. Auden- -’In Memory ofW.B.Yeats’; -’Lay your sleeping head, my love’; -’The Shield of Achilles’
4. John Osborne-Look Back in Anger
5. Samuel Beckett-Waiting for Godot
6. Sylvia Plath – -’Mirror’; – ‘Nick and the Candlestick’
7. Henry Louis Vivian Derozio-’To India My Native Land’; -’My Country’
8. Kamala Das -’ An Introduction’
SECTION-C
1. D.H. Lawrence-The Rainbow
2. Raja Rao-Kanthapura
3. Amitava Ghosh-The Shadow Lines
4. Chinua Achebe-Things Fall Apart
5. James Joyce -A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
6. Rabindranath Tagore – ‘Crisis in Civilization’
7. Virginia Woolf – ‘A Room of One’s Own’
PALI :
Paper – I : (a) Pali linguistics; (b) Pali grammar; (c) Translation from Pali (Prose and Poetry) into English, Translation from English into Pali.
Paper – II : History of Pali Literature (Canonical and Post-canonical) History of Buddhism, Texts (meant for general acquaintance and not for minute study):
(1) Dighanikaya (P.T.S.), Vol. II (pp. 72-252), Vol. III (pp. 58-193), (2) Majjhima-Nikaya (P.T.S.) Suttas
(Nos. 26-40 and 81-90), (3) Mahavagga (Oldenberg’s Edn.) pp. 1-100, (4) Milindapanha (Ed. By
Trenckner), pp. 1-89, (5) Suttanipata-Uragavagga and Attakavagga, (6) Dhammapada-The Whole, (7)
Therigatha (P.T.S.) – The whole.
ARABIC :
Paper – I : (a) Arabic linguistics; (b) Arabic grammar; (c) Translation from Arabic into English; (d) Translation from English into Arabic; (e) Arabic rhetoric and prosody.
Paper – II : (a) History of Arabic literature; (b) Texts (meant for general acquaintance and not for minute study) : (1) Diwan-Ibn-ul-Fariz; (2) Sab’a Mu’allaqa; (3) Sirat-Ibn-i-Hisham; (4) Muqaddama-Ibn-i-Khaldun.
PERSIAN :
Paper – I : (a) Persian linguistics (Persian and Indo-European family of languages; Aryan or Indo_Iranian branch,
evolution of Persian language, Old Persian, Avestan language, Middle Persian or Pahlavi, Modern Persian,
Iranian dialects, Persian influence on Indian languages); (b) Persian grammar; (c) Translation from
Persian into English; (d) Translation from English into Persian; (e) Persian rhetoric and prosody.
Paper – II : (a) History of Persian literature (Origin of Persian poetry, Early poets, Development of poetic formsqasida, ghazal, masnavi,, etc. Growth of poetic themes or trendsepic, romantic, mystical, philosophical, ethical, etc. Survey of prose-works-historical, mystical, ethical, biographical, etc. Literary progress in different periods of Iranian history. Contributions of eminent poets and writers. Modern poetry, Modern prose, Indo-Persian literature); (b) Texts (meant for general acquaintance and not for minute study) : (1) Shahnama of Firdausi; (2) Chahar Maqala of Nizami Aruzi; (3) Qasaid-i- Khaqani; (4) Diwan-i-Hafiz; (5) Masnavi of Jalaluddin Rumi; (6) Naldaman of Fayzi.
FRENCH :
Paper – I : Translation from French into English, Translation from English into French, French Grammar.
Paper – II : History of French Literature, Texts, Texts (meant for general acquaintance and not for minute study) :
(1) Prose-Ronsard : Deveres choisies (Classique Larosusse) – 2 volumes, Pierre Loti; La roman d’um enfant; (2) Poetry-Ronsard : Poesies choisies (Classique Larosusse)-2 volumes. Musset : Poesies nouvelles. Drama-Moliers : L’Avare, Corneilles : La Cid.
URDU :
Paper – I : (a) Urdu linguistics; (b) History of Urdu Literature, Old Urdu Literature – Prose and Poetry. Texts (meant for general acquaintance and not for minute study) : (1) Diwani-I-Wali-100 Ghazals from the beginning; (2) Intikhab-e-Kalam-e-Mir by Dr. Abdul Haque; (3) Qasaid-I-Sauda : One qasaid onlybeginning with the line “Hua Gab Kufr thabit hai wuh Tamha-Musalmani.”; (4) Muthnavi Schrul Bayan by Mir Hassan Dehlavi; (5) Fasan-I-Ajaib by Rajab Ali Beg Saroor; (6) Araish-I-Muhfil by Haider Baksh Haidri.
Paper – II : Modern Urdu Poetry, Prose, Drama and Criticism.
COMPARATIVE LITERATURE :
Paper – I : (a) Theories of Literature : Dates terms and Concepts.
(b) Literature of the Ancient World; (i) Indian, (ii) Western
(c) Bangla Sahitya : 1 (Baishnab Padabali theke Bankimchandra)
(d) Bangla Sahitya : 2 (Rabindranath o Uttorkaal)
(e) Bengali Literature in Translation
(f) Indian Literature other than Bengali in Translation
Paper – II : Western Literature -
(a) 800 – 1400 A.D. (including Song of Ronald, Tristan and representative writings of Troubadour Minnesang, Dante, Petrarch, Boccaccio and Chaucer).
(b) 1400 – 1616 A.D. (including representative writings of Villon, Ronsard, Spencer, Machiavelli, Rableis, Montaigne and Shakespeare).
(c) 1616 – 1749 A.D. (including representative writings of Moliere, Racine, Swift, Voltaire and Defoe).
(d) 1749 – 1832 A.D. (including representative writings of Goethe, Schiller, Heine, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Shelley, Keats, Scott, Rene, Lamartine, Vigny, Hugo and Musset).
(e) 1832 – 1910 A.D. (including representative writings of Whitman, Baudelaire, Verlaine, Laforgue, lbsen, Balzac, Tolstoy, Maupassant and Chekhov).
(f) 1910 to the Present times (including representative writings of Yeats, Eliot, Frost, Rilke, Mayakovsky, Eluard, Neruda, Hervert, Kafka, Marquez and lonesco).
